Every Data Center in Virginia: Operating, Under Construction, and Proposed
A running directory of every data center campus in Virginia as of September 2026: thirteen operating hyperscale and wholesale campuses with disclosed sizes, thirteen under construction from Louisa to Wytheville, twenty-nine proposals, thirteen withdrawn or rejected, and twenty-eight colocation and enterprise operators from Ashburn to Wise County. Every row is sourced and the list is updated as projects move.
This page counts every data center campus Virginia has, is building, has been offered, or has turned away, as of September 22, 2026. The tally: thirteen operating hyperscale and wholesale campuses with a disclosed size, thirteen under construction, twenty-nine live proposals, thirteen withdrawn, rejected, or stalled, and twenty-eight colocation and enterprise operators from Ashburn to Wise County. The statewide numbers are bigger than any table can hold: Dominion Energy told regulators in February that 451 data centers were operating in Virginia in 2024, drawing 3,583 MW, and that developers have asked it for roughly 70,000 MW more, nearly three times the utility’s all-time peak. Loudoun County alone counts 233 buildings and 56.5 million square feet built or under construction.
The cannon above sits on the Manassas battlefield in Prince William County, a few hundred yards from the Pageland Lane farms where the 2,100-acre Prince William Digital Gateway was supposed to rise. That project is dead: a judge voided its rezonings in 2025, an appeals court agreed in March, and QTS terminated it on July 2. The same summer brought a new state tax on every kilowatt-hour a data center uses, a 7 to 1 Loudoun vote to draft a twelve-month pause on new applications, and, on September 18, Governor Spanberger’s executive order to end by-right approval for anything over 25 megawatts. This page is the ledger; every row traces to a source listed at the end, and the list is updated as permits issue, courts rule, and campuses energize. For the fights behind the numbers, see our reporting on the data center backlash and on what AI is doing to electric bills.
At a glance
| Status | Projects | Disclosed capacity |
|---|---|---|
| Operating hyperscale and wholesale | 13 campuses with published sizes | About 4.9 GW, mostly build-out figures |
| Under construction | 13 | About 2.6 GW where disclosed |
| Proposed or pending | 29 | About 6 GW where disclosed |
| Withdrawn, rejected, or stalled | 13 | About 2.9 GW |
| Colocation and enterprise | 28 operators by metro | About 750 MW disclosed |
Capacity is the sum of megawatts a developer, utility, county, or regulator has put on the record for that bucket; where an operator publishes only a build-out figure, the row says so, and tracker estimates are labeled as such. For scale, CBRE put Northern Virginia’s colocation inventory at 4,496.5 MW at mid-2026 with another 2,420 MW under construction and a vacancy rate of 0.2 percent, and Dominion’s contracted data center pipeline reached 53.8 GW in July 2026.
Operating hyperscale campuses
The James River bends past downtown Richmond, and the flat land east of the city along Interstate 64 has become Virginia’s second data center hub. QTS runs twelve buildings at the old Qimonda chip fab in Sandston and is permitting 1,100 more acres beside it, Meta’s Henrico campus sits a mile away, and Google broke ground across the river in Chesterfield in August 2025. Loudoun County still holds about half the state’s sites, but most of the operators behind its 233 buildings, including Amazon, CloudHQ, Compass, NTT, CyrusOne, and QTS’s own Ashburn campuses, publish no per-campus figures, so the table lists only campuses with a disclosed size.
Photo: K / Pexels
| Project | Operator | Location | Size | Status | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boydton campus (Azure East US) | Microsoft | Boydton, Mecklenburg Co. | 1,100 MW; $2B+ since 2010 | Operating, expanding | Jun 2026, 490-acre expansion filed |
| Northern Virginia buildings | Amazon Web Services | Loudoun, Prince William, Fairfax Cos. | 450 MW at Chantilly site per tracker | Operating, expanding | 2026, tracker listing |
| Northern Virginia campuses (NVA01 to NVA06, Arcola) | STACK Infrastructure | Sterling, Manassas, Leesburg, Arcola | 10 campuses; 2,400 MW at build-out | Operating and building | 2026, NVA02 Manassas at 420 MW |
| Digital Loudoun campus | Digital Realty | Ashburn and Sterling, Loudoun Co. | 14 buildings; about 4.7M sq ft | Operating | 2026, landlord to Equinix DC3 and others |
| Ashburn I, II, and III | Vantage Data Centers | Ashburn and Sterling, Loudoun Co. | 3 campuses | Operating | 2026 listing |
| IAD-01, IAD-02, IAD-03 | Aligned Data Centers | Ashburn and Sterling, Loudoun Co. | Three 26-acre campuses | Operating | 2026 listing |
| Ashburn campus | EdgeCore | Ashburn, Loudoun Co. | 114 MW; 685,000 sq ft | Operating, 2 buildings | 2026 listing |
| Culpeper Technology Zone campus | EdgeCore | Culpeper, Culpeper Co. | 196 MW; 432 MW at build-out | Operating, expanding | Jul 2024, 120 acres added |
| Loudoun and Prince William campuses | Loudoun and Prince William Cos. | $9B statewide through 2026 | Operating, expanding | Aug 2025, $9B Virginia pledge | |
| Manassas campus (VA-1 to VA-7) | Iron Mountain | Manassas, Prince William Co. | 142 acres; 400 MW+ existing and planned | Operating, 7 buildings | 2026 listing |
| Richmond 1 (White Oak Technology Park) | QTS | Sandston, Henrico Co. | 207 acres; 238 MW; 2.3M sq ft | Operating | May 2026, 1,100-acre expansion in permitting |
| Henrico Data Center | Meta | Sandston, Henrico Co. | $1B+ | Operating | Broke ground 2017; 200+ jobs |
| Meadowville Technology Park (CTP-01 to CTP-04) | Chirisa | Chester, Chesterfield Co. | 3 buildings operating; 1 building under way | Operating, expanding | Aug 2025, county inventory |
Microsoft’s Boydton campus in Mecklenburg County, on the North Carolina line, is the largest single site with a published figure; Microsoft filed for a fourth expansion on 490 acres in June 2026. STACK’s 2,400 MW figure is its Northern Virginia build-out across ten campuses and overlaps with its Stafford project below, so it is not double counted in the totals.
Under construction
| Project | Operator | Location | Size | Status | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northeast Creek Technology Campus | Amazon Web Services | Louisa Co. (Route 33) | 10 buildings; 3.8M sq ft | Under construction | Jul 2026, homeowner nuisance suit |
| Lake Anna Technology Campus | Amazon Web Services | Louisa Co. (Kentucky Road) | 153 acres; 7 buildings; 420 MW | Under construction | Build-out targeted 2040 |
| Cosner Technology Campus | Amazon Web Services | Massaponax, Spotsylvania Co. | 329 acres; 1.9M sq ft | Under construction | Jan 2026, first two buildings due 2026 |
| Summit Crossing and Carter Store | Amazon Web Services | Spotsylvania Co. | Not disclosed | Under construction | Jan 2026, county status report |
| Mattameade Technology Campus | Amazon Web Services | Thornburg, Spotsylvania and Caroline Cos. | 1,143 acres; 11 buildings | Under construction; federal permits pending | Jan 2026 |
| Stafford Technology Campus | STACK Infrastructure | Stafford Co. | 500 acres; 19 buildings; 1 GW+ | First building topped out | May 2026, first building live 2027 |
| VA1 campus | CleanArc Data Centers | Ruther Glen, Caroline Co. | 650 acres; 900 MW; $3B | Under construction | Nov 2025 groundbreaking; 200 MW due late 2026 |
| Bermuda Hundred campus | Chester, Chesterfield Co. | 300+ acres; 3 buildings | Under construction | Aug 2025 groundbreaking | |
| Digital Drive campus | Chirisa | Chester, Chesterfield Co. | 2 buildings | Under construction | Aug 2025, county inventory |
| Richmond 5 (White Oak Technology Park II) | QTS | Sandston, Henrico Co. | 622 acres; up to 7 buildings; $137M land | Land work started; DEQ permitting | May 2026 |
| Richmond campus (Technology Creek Drive) | Iron Mountain | Sandston, Henrico Co. | 66 acres; 4 buildings; 200 MW+ | Under construction | Nov 2024, site bought |
| MD-VA1 | Menlo Digital | Herndon, Fairfax Co. | 307,498 sq ft; 48 MW critical | Under construction; powered shell mid-2026 | Q1 2025 construction start |
| Progress Park AI campus | Solis Arx | Wytheville, Wythe Co. | 99 acres; “billion-dollar” | Grading under way | Aug 2026, resident pushback |
Amazon is the story here. Its two Louisa County campuses, three Spotsylvania sites, and the 1,143-acre Mattameade campus straddling the Caroline line make up most of the construction outside Northern Virginia, and a Louisa homeowner’s federal suit over brown tap water, dust, and noise from the Northeast Creek site moved forward in July 2026. STACK’s Stafford campus topped out its first building in May and is the first gigawatt-class project in the Fredericksburg corridor to reach steel.
Proposed and pending
The rolling pasture around Delaplane, in Fauquier County, is the Piedmont that Northern Virginia’s data centers have not yet reached, and the fight over whether they will is now at Remington, where a six-building campus called Gigaland drew a planning commission recommendation to deny in September and its developers are asking the town to annex the land instead. Farther south, the proposals get larger as the counties get more rural: Tract wants 900 megawatts in Goochland, TAC Data Centers a gigawatt in Wythe County, and STACK a $100 billion campus over thirty years at the Berry Hill megasite outside Danville.
Photo: Tristan Wilson / Pexels
| Project | Operator | Location | Size | Status | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossroads Technology Campus | Amazon Web Services | Spotsylvania Co. (Lee Hill) | 555 acres | Planning commission recommended approval 4 to 2 | Sep 2026 |
| Northeast Creek land | Amazon Web Services | Mineral District, Louisa Co. | 1,920 acres; $72M | Bought; board chair opposes data center use | Jan 2026 |
| Shannon Hill campus | EdgeCore | Louisa Co. | 6 buildings; 3.1M sq ft; 1.1 GW+ | Planned | 2026 listing |
| Belvedere Plantation tech campus | Not named (RenUSA facilitating) | Spotsylvania Co. | 633 acres | Early talks; no application | Aug 2026 |
| Dahlgren West | Dahlgren Innovation Hub and Oasis Digital | Dahlgren, King George Co. | 1,200 MW per tracker | Approved; reclaimed water deal | Mar 2026 |
| Five grandfathered campuses (Vantage VA-4, Centreport Gateway, Potomac Church, Cranes Corner, others) | Various | Stafford Co. | 31 buildings; 8.73M sq ft | Approved before 2025 rules | Jul 2026, 11 more applications under review |
| Accokeek Center | Charlie Payne (developer) | Falmouth, Stafford Co. | 121 acres; 590,000 sq ft | Planning commission recommended approval 4 to 3 | Aug 2026 |
| Tuckahoe Technology Park | Tract | Manakin-Sabot, Goochland Co. | 871 acres; 7 buildings; 900 MW | Conditional use permit filed; hearings Oct 2026 | Jul 2026, community protest |
| Powhatan Data Center Campus | Province Group | Powhatan Co. (Page Road) | 181 acres; 2M sq ft; 300 to 400 MW | Rezoning approved 5 to 0; site plans pending | Oct 2025 |
| Richmond Data Center Campus | PointOne | Charles City Co. (Roxbury Road) | 178 acres; 424 MW; 35 gas turbines | By-right; no approved site plan | Jun 2026, residents object |
| Upper Magnolia Green West | Moseley, Chesterfield Co. | 880 acres | Zoning approved May 2025 | Aug 2025 | |
| Watkins Centre South | Midlothian, Chesterfield Co. | 350 acres | Zoning approved May 2025 | Aug 2025 | |
| Panhandle Road expansion | Microsoft | Boydton, Mecklenburg Co. | 490 acres; 3 buildings | Filed | Jun 2026 |
| Tunstall Road and Lakeside Commerce Park | Microsoft | Mecklenburg Co. | 132 and 259 acres; 3 buildings each | Filed 2022 to 2023 | Jun 2026 recap |
| Berry Hill megasite AI campus | STACK Infrastructure | Berry Hill, Pittsylvania Co. | About 3,000 acres; $720M land; $100B over 30 years | Land sale approved; phase one closing by Jun 2027 | Jul 2026 |
| Ringgold campus (Route 58 East) | Anchorstone Advisors (2024 filing) | Ringgold, Pittsylvania Co. | 946 acres; 200 MW; up to $5B | Rezoning approved | Jul 2026, unanimous county vote |
| Botetourt Center at Greenfield | Greenfield, Botetourt Co. | 312 acres; up to 3 buildings; $3B | Permits filed; water study ordered | Jul 2026 | |
| Fort Chiswell campus | TAC Data Centers | Wythe Co. | 1,000 acres; 1 GW+ | Announced; no county zoning | Jun 2026, first half online 2029 |
| Commerce Park site | Pulaski County (developer under contract) | Dublin, Pulaski Co. | $7.5M state site funds | Site prep; no end user | Feb 2026 |
| Moss No. 3 mine site | Russell County IDA | Cleveland, Russell Co. | 236 acres; 3 to 4 buildings | Exploration; no operator | Sep 2026 |
| Gigaland | SDC Capital principals | Remington, Fauquier Co. | 200 acres; 6 buildings; three 300 MW substations | Planning commission recommended denial; annexation sought | Sep 2026 |
| Virginia Technology Park | Equus Capital Partners | Clear Brook, Frederick Co. | 220 acres; 10 to 11 buildings | Planning commission recommended denial 10 to 0 | Jun 2026; countywide ban hearing Sep 23 |
| Winchester Gateway | Winchester Gateway LLC | Kernstown, Frederick Co. | 72 acres; 3 buildings | Pending | Jul 2026 |
| Dunmore Industrial Park | Bernstein family | Strasburg, Shenandoah Co. | Not disclosed | Special use permit filed | Sep 2026 |
| Regency site | Not named | Ashburn, Loudoun Co. | 130 acres; 432 MW | Planning; sale pending approval | 2026 |
| Broadlands site | Not named | Broadlands, Loudoun Co. | 57 acres | Under county review | Sep 2026 |
| Manassas 91-acre site | Amazon Data Services | Manassas, Prince William Co. | 91 acres; $218M | Rezoned Mar 2024; land bought | Apr 2024 |
| Chantilly campus | Penzance affiliate | Chantilly, Fairfax Co. | 12 acres; 400,000+ sq ft | Rezoning approved | Jan 2024 |
| Culpeper Technology Zone campuses (Red Ace, STACK, Copper Ridge, others) | Various | Culpeper Co. | 1,000-acre zone; Red Ace 69 acres, $350M | Approved; awaiting Dominion’s $254M transmission upgrade | Jul 2026, Red Ace approved 4 to 3 |
Three things stand out. Amazon keeps buying land faster than it files plans: 1,920 more acres in Louisa in January, even as the board chair there says he opposes any data center on it, and 555 acres at Crossroads in Spotsylvania that cleared the planning commission on September 17. The gigawatt proposals have moved to Southside and Southwest Virginia, where Wythe County has no county zoning at all. And Frederick County, at the top of the Shenandoah Valley, is on the verge of removing data centers from every zoning district, with a hearing set for September 23.
Withdrawn, rejected, or paused
“We’ve given the data center industry 25 years to build by-right. There is no legal requirement for grandfathering. It is a choice.”
That was Loudoun Supervisor Laura TeKrony on September 16, 2026, as the county that hosts the world’s largest concentration of data centers voted to draft a pause on new applications. The table below lists projects that were formally killed, denied, or stalled; the pauses and bans themselves are in the policy section.
| Project | Operator | Location | Size | Outcome | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince William Digital Gateway | QTS and Compass Datacenters | Gainesville, Prince William Co. | 2,100 acres; 37 buildings; 2 to 3 GW | Rezonings voided; QTS terminated project and withdrew appeal | Jul 2, 2026 |
| Dulles Cloud South | Sanders Lane Assemblage I LLC | Gainesville, Prince William Co. | 1,940 acres; 43M sq ft | Comprehensive plan amendment denied 8 to 0 | Jul 7, 2026 |
| Blackwell Road data center | Amazon | Warrenton, Fauquier Co. | 42 acres | Stalled three years in court; town removed data center use; ruling pending | Jun 2026 |
| Birchwood campus | Amazon Web Services | King George Co. | 869 acres; 7.5M sq ft; $6B | Incentive deal reversed; groundwater permit withdrawn | Sep 2026 |
| Third Louisa campus | Amazon Web Services | Louisa Co., near Northeast Creek Reservoir | Not disclosed | Conditional use permit withdrawn | Jul 2025 |
| Mountain Road Technology Park | Tract | Hanover Co. (US 33) | 427 acres; 900 MW | Rejected 4 to 3 by supervisors | May 2026 |
| Hunting Hawk Technology Park | HHHunt | Hanover Co. (Ashland Road) | 468 acres; 10 buildings | Withdrawn after planning commission recommended denial | Jan 2026 |
| 700-acre Chesterfield campus | Tract | Chesterfield Co. | 700 acres | Withdrawn after unanimous recommendation against | Jun 2025 |
| Old Bermuda Hundred Road campus | Landowner (not named) | Chesterfield Co., near I-95 | About 90 acres | Board of Zoning Appeals denied appeal | Jun 2026 |
| Chalk Level campus and gas plant | Balico LLC | Chatham, Pittsylvania Co. | 750 acres; 12 buildings; 3,500 MW plant | Rezoning rejected 6 to 1 | Apr 2025 |
| 1500 Gateway | Penzance | Fredericksburg | 84 acres; $40M+ proffers | Denied 7 to 0 by City Council | Aug 2026 |
| Charles City data center | Diode Ventures | Charles City Co. | Not disclosed | Application and permits withdrawn after two years | Aug 2025 |
| Surry Green Energy Center | Green Energy Partners | Surry Co., beside Surry nuclear plant | 641 acres; 30 buildings; $6.45B | Developer in Chapter 11; DEQ finds groundwater insufficient | Jul 2025 |
The Digital Gateway was the largest data center project ever proposed in the United States when Prince William’s board approved it in December 2023. Two and a half years, one voided rezoning, one unanimous appeals court ruling, and $1.72 million in county legal fees later, QTS’s July statement said only that it had decided “to terminate the Digital Gateway project and withdraw its associated filings.” Amazon’s Warrenton and King George projects are not formally dead but have not moved in three years and two years respectively.
Colocation and enterprise facilities
The subsea cables come ashore at Virginia Beach: MAREA from Spain, BRUSA from Brazil, and Google’s Dunant from France all land at Telxius’s station on Corporate Landing Parkway, with Globalinx’s carrier-neutral campus and PointOne’s NAP of Virginia Beach beside it. Hampton Roads has almost no other colocation, and Virginia Beach’s council voted in August for a twelve-month moratorium on new data center applications that exempts only the cable operators.
Photo: Creative Ruckus / Pexels
Because Northern Virginia has hundreds of colocation buildings, this table lists one row per operator per metro rather than one per building; Loudoun’s wholesale campuses are in the hyperscale table above. Every row was checked against the operator’s own site or a news report, not a directory listing alone. Directory entries for TierPoint Richmond, Evocative, Ark, Cogent’s Vienna and Richmond sites, Equinix’s Vienna buildings, Segra’s Lynchburg and Waynesboro rooms, and a reported DC BLOX Richmond campus were left out until the operator confirms them. Familiar names have changed: Cyxtera and Evoque are now Csquare (formerly Centersquare), INAP is HorizonIQ, Peak 10 is Flexential, Latisys and zColo are DataBank, and Atlantic Metro is 365 Data Centers.
| Operator | Metro | Flagship address | Sites | Size | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equinix | Ashburn | 21715 Filigree Ct. | 12 buildings (DC1 to DC22) | Not disclosed | Hosts Equinix Internet Exchange; DC21 opened 2022 for $95M |
| Sabey Data Centers | Ashburn | 21741 Red Rum Dr. | 2 built; Building A under way | 645,000 sq ft; 85 MW; 54 MW more in 2026 | Retail and wholesale |
| Cologix | Ashburn | 21745 Beaumeade Cir. | 2 (ASH1, ASH2) | 23 acres; 1M sq ft plan | Cologix’s only Virginia market |
| H5 Data Centers | Ashburn | 21800 Beaumeade Cir. | 1 | 255,000 sq ft; 42 MW | Opened 2024 |
| DataBank | Ashburn | 21635 Red Rum Dr. | 3 (IAD1, IAD3, IAD4) | 355,000 sq ft; about 70 MW | IAD4 20 MW due 2026; former Latisys and zColo |
| Csquare | Ashburn | 21571 Beaumeade Cir. | 1 (IAD4) | 57,927 sq ft raised floor; 35.8 MW | Former Evoque and AT&T |
| HorizonIQ | Ashburn | 43830 Devin Shafron Dr. | 1, tenant | Not disclosed | Former INAP; inside Digital Realty IAD24 |
| Csquare | Sterling and Dulles | 45901 Nokes Blvd. | 3 (IAD1 to IAD3) | 211,000 sq ft raised floor; 202.9 MW utility | Former Cyxtera and Savvis; IAD3 hardened federal site |
| CoreSite | Reston | 12100 Sunrise Valley Dr. | 3 (VA1 to VA3) | 986,000+ sq ft | Since 2007; Open Cloud Exchange; 70+ networks |
| Digital Realty | Reston | 1780 Business Center Dr. | 1 (VA3) | 256,000 sq ft | Former DuPont Fabros |
| DataBank | McLean | 1764A Old Meadow Ln. | 1 (IAD2) | 40,690 sq ft; 3 MW | 8 carriers |
| 365 Data Centers | Herndon | 13873 Park Center Rd. | 1 owned plus partner sites | Not disclosed | Former Atlantic Metro |
| H5 Data Centers | Chantilly and Herndon | 4050 Lafayette Center Dr. | 2 campuses | 198,000 sq ft; 38 MW | Chantilly was SoftLayer and IBM |
| Equinix | Culpeper | 18155 Technology Dr. | 4 (CU1 to CU4) | 370,000 sq ft; 60+ acres | Built 2008 as Terremark NAP; Verizon 2011; Equinix 2017 |
| DataBank | Culpeper | 14601 Germanna Hwy. | 2 listed; 3 planned | 613,000 sq ft; 192 MW | 85-acre campus |
| SWIFT | Culpeper | Town of Culpeper; address not published | 1 campus | 90,000 sq ft; 30 acres | Interbank messaging operator |
| Flexential | Richmond (Henrico) | 8851 Park Central Dr. | 1 | 28,594 sq ft; 2 MW | Former Peak 10 |
| EdgeConneX | Richmond (Henrico) | 1450 E. Parham Rd. | 1 | 16,279 sq ft | Opened 2015 |
| VITA and Northrop Grumman | Chester (Chesterfield) | 11751 Meadowville Ln. | 1 | 193,000 sq ft | State data center since 2007; building sold for $44M |
| Capital One | Chester (Chesterfield) | Meadowville Technology Park | 1 | $150M | Enterprise, announced 2012 |
| Telxius | Virginia Beach | 1900 Corporate Landing Pkwy. | 1 | 125,750 sq ft; 5 MW | Lands MAREA, BRUSA, and Dunant cables |
| Globalinx Data Centers | Virginia Beach | 1632 Corporate Landing Pkwy. | 1 campus, 3 phases | 150,000 sq ft and 30 MW planned | Carrier-neutral subsea hotel, 2018 |
| Globalinx Data Centers | Norfolk | 3800 Village Ave. | 1 | Not disclosed | Owned colocation site |
| PointOne | Virginia Beach | 1893 Corporate Landing Pkwy. | 1 built; second planned | 40,000 sq ft; 4.8 MW | NAP of Virginia Beach |
| Brush Mountain Data Center | Blacksburg | 2200 Kraft Dr. SW | 1 | Not disclosed | Since 2006; Virginia Tech research park |
| DP Facilities (Mineral Gap) | Wise | Lonesome Pine business park | 1 | 65,000 sq ft; up to 45 MW | Tier III; opened 2017 |
| OnePartner | Duffield (Scott Co.) | 158 Advanced Technology Dr. | 1 | Not disclosed | Tier III design; colocation and recovery |
| Northrop Grumman and VITA | Lebanon (Russell Co.) | 201 Technology Park Dr. | 1 | 101,000 sq ft | State’s second data center, opened 2007 |
Power, policy, and moratoriums
Dominion’s numbers set the terms of every Virginia debate. Its contracted data center pipeline was 53.8 GW in July 2026, up from 16.5 GW three years earlier, and the State Corporation Commission’s November 2025 rate order created a new GS-5 class for customers of 25 megawatts or more: 14-year contracts, minimum charges of 85 percent of contracted transmission and distribution demand and 60 percent of generation demand, collateral for weaker credits, and exit fees. In July 2026 the SCC went further and ordered Dominion to bill large customers directly for the substations and line connections they require. Capacity prices tell the other half of the story: the Dominion zone cleared PJM’s last three auctions at or near the price cap, about $330 per megawatt-day, and PJM’s emergency backstop auction for roughly 6 GW of new supply opens September 30, with data centers energizing after June 2027 told to bring their own power or face curtailment. Appalachian Power, meanwhile, is negotiating with 36 large customers totaling 25,000 MW, more than triple its own peak, and NOVEC says data centers will be 95 percent of its sales by 2032.
The General Assembly’s December 2024 JLARC study found data centers paying their full cost of service today but warned that unconstrained growth could add $14 to $37 a month to a typical residential bill by 2040. The 2026 session passed fifteen data center bills, including utility recovery of generation costs from 25 MW+ customers and monthly water reporting, then deadlocked over the sales tax exemption, which cost $1.9 billion in fiscal 2025. The June 22 budget compromise kept the exemption through 2035 and imposed a new Data Center Electricity Consumption Tax of 1.1 cents per kilowatt-hour, capped at $600 million a year and effective July 1, 2026. Governor Spanberger declined a statewide moratorium on August 13, then on September 18 signed Executive Order 22 and a Data Center Accountability Framework: no more nondisclosure agreements on projects, an end to by-right approval above 25 MW, removal from fast-track permitting, water and noise standards, and limits on on-site gas generation, with the legislative pieces due in the 2027 session.
The localities moved first. Loudoun ended by-right data centers in March 2025 and on September 16, 2026 voted 7 to 1 to draft a twelve-month pause, with a final vote set for October 20 and a separate motion to strip the grandfather clause from 23 approved projects. Frederick County holds its hearing on removing data centers from every zoning district on September 23. Chesapeake voted 9 to 0 in August to require council approval case by case and to bar groundwater for cooling; Virginia Beach adopted a twelve-month moratorium the same day. Spotsylvania eliminated by-right approval in February, asked the governor for a statewide moratorium in August, and capped data centers at 45 percent of its industrial land. Hanover began an eighteen-month ordinance rewrite after rejecting Tract’s park, and Henrico now requires a provisional use permit for anything hyperscale. Water is the newest front: Loudoun Water delivered 750 million gallons of reclaimed water to data centers in 2025, the Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin puts the Washington region’s data center withdrawals at about 4 million gallons a day today and 22 million by 2050, and four counties have agreed to pump almost 20 million gallons a day to Amazon’s campuses alone.
How this list is maintained
A row appears here when a named operator, a county inventory, or an industry tracker lists a campus in Virginia and its location or operator can be confirmed on the operator’s own site, in a government record, or in a news report, or when a proposal has a named locality and a published source. Because Northern Virginia has hundreds of colocation buildings, that table lists one row per operator per metro; hyperscale rows are one per campus, and campuses whose operators publish no size, including most of Loudoun’s, are described in the text rather than tabulated. Corrections and additions are welcome through the About page, and every refresh is marked with an updated date at the top of the page.
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